3 Syntactic Functions in Indonesian Language Studies
Selasa, 16 Agustus 2022
3 Syntactic Functions in Indonesian Language Studies
a. Subject and Predicate
The subject is the part that is explained by the predicate. Subjects can be searched with the question 'What or Who is in the predicate'. While the predicate is the part of the sentence that describes the subject. The predicate can be determined by the question 'what is in the subject, how much, where, and so on'.
The subject is a noun phrase or a substitute for a noun phrase. While the predicate can be in the form of noun phrases, verbs, adjectives, numerals, or prepositions. If it is changed to an interrogative sentence, the subject cannot be given a -kah particle. Predicate can be given particle -kah. An example of a sentence that has a subject and a predicate is, 'My sister is eating'. 'Sister' occupies the function of the subject, while 'is eating' occupies the function of the predicate.
b. Objects and Complements
Objects are noun phrases or substitutes for noun phrases, while complements are noun phrases, verbs, adjectives, numerals, prepositions, and substitutes for nouns.
Objects follow a predicate in the form of a transitive verb (requires an object) or semi-transitive and complements follow a predicate in the form of an intransitive verb (does not require an object).
c. Information.
Adverb is the part of the sentence that explains the subject, predicate, object or complement. In the form of noun phrases, prepositions, and conjunctions. Easily moved, unless placed between the predicate and object or predicate and complement. An example of a sentence that has an explanation is 'Yesterday, Pak Anwar bought fruit at the wholesale market'. 'Yesterday' and 'at the main market' are descriptions, for 'Pak Anwar' occupied the function of the subject. The word 'buy' is a predicate and 'fruits' is an object function.